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Articles on digital forensics and cybersecurity
Apple iOS Recovery Codes: The Security Feature Many People Don’t Know Exists
If you work with digital evidence or assist clients with account access issues, you’ve likely helped someone recover an Apple ID. Most people expect the usual process, email reset links, security questions, maybe a trusted device prompt. But increasingly, there’s a...
The Digital Paper Trail of File Access: More Than Just “Opened” or “Deleted”
When lawyers think about digital files, the questions often sound simple: Was the document opened? Was it deleted? In reality, modern systems create a far richer, and far more revealing, record of user activity. Whether the data sits in Microsoft 365, Google Drive, or...
Why Digital Evidence Rarely Exists on a Single Device
In many cases, I still hear some version of the same assumption: “We have the phone, so we have the evidence.” It’s understandable—but it’s almost always wrong. Modern digital activity is no longer tied to a single device. Instead, it exists across a network of...
Not On Record Podcast – EP#203 – Can You Trust Digital Evidence?
I was interviewed by Joseph Neuberger and Michael Bury on their "Not On Record" podcast a few weeks ago. We discussed Digital Forensics and how screenshots can be faked using various techniques, including artificial intelligence. I really enjoyed the conversation,...
Where the Conversation Really Happened: Why Messaging Apps Matter in Litigation
For years, when lawyers thought about digital evidence, the focus was simple: text messages and call logs. If you had the SMS records, you had the story. That’s no longer true. Today, the real evidence—the conversations that matter most—are happening inside messaging...
Why Your Screenshot May Not Be Reliable Evidence
A common situation A client sends their lawyer several screenshots of text messages. “Here’s the proof,” they say. “This is exactly what was sent.” The screenshots show a conversation that appears important to the case. The messages look clear and convincing. But from...






